在機(jī)床使用和維修中，時(shí)常發(fā)現(xiàn)滾珠絲杠振動(dòng)增大、絲杠和螺母滾道局部磨損，并產(chǎn)生溝痕，有的僅使用一兩年，溝痕就深達(dá)3-5μm，個(gè)別的滾道或滾珠局部表面出面剝離點(diǎn)。因而影響滾珠絲杠的導(dǎo)程精度，降低了精度壽命。

During the use and maintenance of machine tools, it is often found that the vibration of the ball screw increases, local wear of the screw and nut raceway occurs, and groove marks are produced. Some of them can be as deep as 3-5 after only one or two years of use μ m. Individual raceways or balls may have peeling points on their local surfaces. As a result, it affects the lead accuracy of the ball screw and reduces the accuracy life.

滾珠絲杠產(chǎn)生的振動(dòng)，磨損的因素很多，如使用環(huán)境、機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、機(jī)構(gòu)剛性、制造質(zhì)量、潤(rùn)滑與防護(hù)等。但是滾珠絲杠的裝配精度，也是保障滾珠絲杠的導(dǎo)程精度性能的重要因素?，F(xiàn)在就有立式車床、NC車床維修中，對(duì)其裝配精度的控制及其效果。

The vibration and wear caused by ball screws are influenced by many factors, such as operating environment, mechanism design, mechanism rigidity, manufacturing quality, lubrication and protection. However, the assembly accuracy of the ball screw is also an important factor in ensuring the lead accuracy performance of the ball screw. There are now vertical lathes and NC lathes in maintenance, which control the assembly accuracy and its effectiveness.

導(dǎo)軌絲杠廠家認(rèn)為，事實(shí)證明，產(chǎn)生上述原因的滾珠絲杠彎曲著直接關(guān)系。

The manufacturer of the guide screw believes that it has been proven that the bending of the ball screw is directly related to the above reasons.

如支撐滾珠絲杠比軸承座和螺母的定位精度不好，對(duì)滾珠絲杠螺紋軸線的同心度、傾斜度偏差過大；滾珠絲杠螺紋軸線對(duì)導(dǎo)軌面的直線導(dǎo)向平行度；螺母定位面對(duì)螺母安裝端面的垂直度等偏差，在裝配時(shí)如若調(diào)整控制不當(dāng)，必將使?jié)L珠絲杠產(chǎn)生彈性彎曲變形。

If the positioning accuracy of the supporting ball screw is not good compared to the bearing seat and nut, the deviation of the concentricity and inclination of the thread axis of the ball screw is too large; The parallelism of the ball screw thread axis with respect to the straight-line guidance of the guide rail surface; If the perpendicularity and other deviations of the nut positioning face to the nut installation end face are not properly adjusted and controlled during assembly, it will inevitably cause elastic bending deformation of the ball screw.

增加滾珠絲杠和螺母間顛覆力矩，螺母承受徑向負(fù)荷增大，部分滾珠在局部滾道上相互擠壓、摩擦負(fù)重加重。因此引起回轉(zhuǎn)振動(dòng)增加，滾道局部發(fā)生異常磨損，影響滾珠絲杠導(dǎo)程精度和損傷其精度壽命。所以在裝配和維修中注意裝配零件，相關(guān)部件的精度和裝配定位精度，提高滾珠絲杠裝配精度，是十分重要的。

By increasing the overturning torque between the ball screw and the nut, the nut bears an increased radial load, and some balls squeeze against each other on local raceways, resulting in increased frictional load. Therefore, it causes an increase in rotational vibration and abnormal wear in local areas of the raceway, affecting the accuracy of the ball screw lead and damaging its accuracy and lifespan. So it is very important to pay attention to the accuracy of assembly parts, related components, and assembly positioning accuracy during assembly and maintenance, and improve the assembly accuracy of ball screws.

滾珠絲杠在制造過程中裝配相關(guān)部位的精度，均按標(biāo)準(zhǔn)執(zhí)行。在裝配和維修中應(yīng)該進(jìn)行復(fù)檢，記錄實(shí)際值。然后檢測(cè)裝配零件相關(guān)部位精度，在一般情況下，按照滾珠絲杠精度實(shí)際值縮小1/2-1/3，進(jìn)行調(diào)修和控制裝配零件的相關(guān)部件精度。

The accuracy of the assembly of relevant parts of the ball screw during the manufacturing process is carried out in accordance with national standards. During assembly and maintenance, a re inspection should be conducted to record the actual values. Then, the accuracy of the relevant parts of the assembly parts is checked. In general, the actual accuracy of the ball screw is reduced by 1/2-1/3, and the accuracy of the relevant parts of the assembly parts is adjusted and controlled.

支撐滾珠絲杠兩端的軸承座定位精度，是確定絲杠螺紋軸線，其導(dǎo)軌面直線導(dǎo)向的平行度，期偏差控制在13-23μm范圍之內(nèi)。由于固定軸承所使用的普通鎖緊螺母及鎖緊墊圈，其端面平行度和對(duì)絲杠支撐軸徑的垂直度較差，均改用精制的或用修磨的方式，保證其垂直度，偏差控制在絲杠支撐軸頸肩面對(duì)滾珠絲杠螺紋軸線的跳動(dòng)實(shí)際偏差值的2/3以內(nèi)。

The positioning accuracy of the bearing seats supporting both ends of the ball screw is to determine the parallelism of the screw thread axis and the straight-line guide of its guide surface, with a deviation controlled between 13 and 23 μ Within the range of m. Due to the poor parallelism of the end faces and verticality to the diameter of the screw support shaft of the ordinary lock nuts and lock washers used for fixing the bearings, refined or polished methods are used to ensure their verticality, and the deviation is controlled within 2/3 of the actual deviation value of the runout of the screw support shaft neck shoulder to the ball screw thread axis.

這一點(diǎn)不可忽視的，否則軸承內(nèi)外環(huán)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)中產(chǎn)生傾斜，使得滾珠絲杠彎曲。同樣對(duì)固定軸承外環(huán)的壓蓋端面，或者傳動(dòng)齒輪固定軸承端面，亦應(yīng)按上述方法調(diào)修，控制裝配精度。

This cannot be ignored, otherwise the inner and outer rings of the bearing will tilt during operation, causing the ball screw to bend. Similarly, for the gland end face of the fixed bearing outer ring or the fixed bearing end face of the transmission gear, it should also be adjusted according to the above method to control the assembly accuracy.

由于滾珠螺母螺紋軸線對(duì)滾珠絲杠螺紋軸線，偏心傾斜偏差大，是使螺母承受徑向負(fù)荷增大，滾珠互相擠壓、摩擦負(fù)重加重的直接原因，所以對(duì)滾珠螺母定位精度要嚴(yán)格控制。為了穩(wěn)定螺母的定位精度、防止螺母固定螺栓及定位錐鎖，因受其振動(dòng)而松動(dòng)，還必須注意，固定螺栓要裝有可靠的放松裝置，定位鍵銷要追加止退壓板或頂絲。

Due to the large eccentricity and inclination deviation between the thread axis of the ball nut and the thread axis of the ball screw, it is the direct reason for the nut to bear an increased radial load, causing the balls to squeeze each other and increase the friction load. Therefore, the positioning accuracy of the ball nut must be strictly controlled. In order to stabilize the positioning accuracy of the nut and prevent the nut fixing bolt and positioning cone lock from loosening due to its vibration, it is also necessary to note that the fixing bolt should be equipped with a reliable loosening device, and the positioning key pin should be equipped with a stop pressing plate or top screw.

傳動(dòng)滾珠絲杠的聯(lián)接，如若是齒輪或聯(lián)軸器聯(lián)接，其部位是在絲杠支撐軸頸外側(cè)懸伸部分，裝配時(shí)必須對(duì)軸徑端頭，用千分尺測(cè)量回轉(zhuǎn)精度是否正常，以防止?jié)L珠絲杠軸頸產(chǎn)生彎曲變形。更多相關(guān)事項(xiàng)就來我們網(wǎng)站http://www.idczc.com咨詢！

The connection of the transmission ball screw, if it is a gear or coupling connection, is located at the overhanging part on the outer side of the screw support shaft neck. During assembly, it is necessary to measure the rotation accuracy of the shaft diameter end with a micrometer to prevent the ball screw shaft neck from bending and deformation. For more related matters, come to our website http://www.idczc.com consulting service